Eczema is a general term encompassing various inflamed skin conditions. One of the more common forms of eczema is atopic dermatitis, characterized by red, itchy, thickened, fissured skin. People who develop eczema have an overactive inflammatory response to irritating substances, causing their skin to itch. Eczema is not contagious – it is caused by certain triggers. Triggers vary, but may include rough or course materials, detergents, soaps, juices from fruit and meats, dust mites, and animal saliva and dander. Some people break out in rash when feeling too hot and/or sweaty. The rash typically arises on the face, neck, and the insides of elbows, knees, and ankles. Unfortunately, there is no cure for eczema, but avoiding substances that trigger outbreaks helps most patients. Here are more tips to avoid and/or treat outbreaks:
- Moisturize immediately after bathing to lock-in moisture
- Keep baths and showers short, and use lukewarm, not hot, water
- Pat yourself dry instead of rubbing
- Soothe irritated skin with a cool compress
- Apply corticosteroid creams and ointments to reduce inflammation
- Avoid sudden changes in temperature or humidity (cover as much skin as possible when going outside during the winter)
- Avoid sweating or overheating
- Reduce stress
- Avoid scratchy materials. Wear cotton instead of wool or synthetics.
- Avoid harsh soaps and detergents
- Avoid environmental factors that trigger allergies, like pollen, mold, mites, and animal dander
- Avoid foods that you have noticed trigger outbreaks.
